A History of Greece, from the Earliest Times to the Roman Conquest ... - William Smith - Google Books

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THE BATTLE OF MARATHON.

§ 1. Expedition of Mardonius into Greece. § 2. Preparations of Darius for

a second invasion of Greece. Heralds sent to the leading Grecian states to

demand earth and water. § 3. Invasion of Greece by the Persians under

Datis and Artaphernes. Conquest of the Cyclades and Eretria. § 4. Pre-

parations at Athens to resist the Persians. History of Miltiades. § 5. De-

bate among the ten Athenian Generals. Resolution to give battle to the

Persians. § 6. Battle of Marathon. § 7. Movements of the Persians after

the battle. § 8. Effect of the battle of Marathon upon the Athenians.

§ 9. Glory of Miltiades. § 10. His unsuccessful expedition to Paros.

§ 11. His trial, condemnation, and death. § 12. History of Egina.

§ 13. War between Athens and Ægina. § 14. Athens becomes a mari-

time power. § 15. Rivalry of Themistocles and Aristides. Ostracism of

THE BATTLES OF THERMOPYLE AND ARTEMISIUM.

§ 1. Death of Darius and accession of Xerxes. § 2. Preparations for the

invasion of Greece. § 3. A bridge thrown across the Hellespont, and a

canal cut through the isthmus of Mount Athos. § 4. Xerxes sets out from

Sardis. Order of the march. § 5. Passage of the Hellespont, § 6. Num-

bering of the army on the plain of Doriscus. § 7. Continuation of the

march from Doriscus to Mount Olympus. § 8. Preparations of the Greeks

to resist Xerxes. Congress of the Grecian states at the isthmus of Corinth.

§ 9. Patriotism of the Athenians. Resolution of the Greeks to defend the

pass of Tempe, which is afterwards abandoned. § 10. Description of the

pass of Thermopyla. § 11. Leonidas sent with 300 Spartans and a small

body of Peloponnesians to defend the pass of Thermopylæ. § 12. Attack

and repulse of the Persians at Thermopyla. § 13. A Persian detachment

cross the mountains by a secret path in order to fall upon the Greeks in

the rear.
§ 14. Heroic death of Leonidas and his comrades. § 15. Monu-

ments erected to their honour. § 16. Proceedings of the Persian and

Grecian fleets. § 17. The Persian fleet overtaken by a terrible storm.

§ 18. First battle of Artemisium. § 19. Second storm. § 20. Second

battle of Artemisium. Retreat of the Grecian fleet to Salamis
185

THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

§ 1. Results of the battle of Thermopyla. § 2. Alarm and flight of the

Athenians. § 3. March of the Persians and attempt upon Delphi. § 4.

Taking of Athens and arrival of the Persian fleet. § 5. Dissensions and

debates of the Greeks. § 6. Stratagem of Themistocles. Arrival of Aris-

tides. § 7. Position of the hostile fleets. Preparations for the combat.

§ 8. Battle of Salamis. § 9. Defeat and flight of Xerxes. § 10. Pursuit

of the Greeks. § 11. Homeward march of Xerxes. § 12. The Greeks

celebrate their victory. § 13. Carthaginian expedition to Sicily.

and death of Hamilcar .

BATTLES OF PLATEA AND MYCALÉ.

§ 1. Position of the Persian and Greek fleets. § 2. Preparations of Mar-

donius for the campaign. § 3. He solicits the Athenians to join him.

Faithlessness of the Spartans. § 4. Mardonius occupies Athens. Athenian

embassy to Sparta. March of the Spartan army. § 5. Mardonius retires

into Boeotia: followed by the Grecian army. Skirmishes. § 6. The

Greeks descend into the plain. Manoeuvres of the two armies. § 7. Alex-

ander, king of Macedon, visits the Grecian camp. The Greeks resolve to

change their ground: their disorderly retreat. § 8. Battle of Platea.

Defeat of the Persians. § 9. Division of the spoil. § 10. Reduction of

Thebes, and execution of the Theban leaders. § 11. Death of Aristodemus.

§ 12. League of Platea. Religious ceremonies. § 13. Battle of Mycalé.

Defeat of the Persians. § 14. Liberation of the Greek islands. § 15.

Siege and capture of Sestos

HISTORY OF LITERATURE.

§ 1. General characteristics. § 2. Simonides. § 3. Pindar. § 4. Ibycus

and Bacchylides. § 5. Rise of history and of composition in prose. § 6.

Hecatæus, Charon of Lampsacus, Hellanicus. § 7. Herodotus. § 8.

Character of his work. Analysis. § 9. Predilection of Herodotus for

Athens. § 10. Style of his work.

THE ATHENIAN SUPREMACY AND THE

PELOPONNESIAN WAR.

FROM THE EXPULSION OF THE PERSIANS TO THE DEATH OF

§ 1. Further proceedings against the Persians. § 2. Misconduct and treason

of Pausanias. § 3. The maritime supremacy transferred to the Athenians.

§ 4. Confederacy of Delos. § 5. The combined fleet under Cimon. § 6.

Growth of the Athenian power. Plans of Themistocles. § 7. Rebuilding

of Athens. The Lacedæmonians attempt to prevent its being fortified.

§ 8. Fortification of Piræus. § 9. Strife of parties at Athens. Miscon-

duct of Themistocles. § 10. He is ostracised. § 11. Pausanias convicted

of Medism. § 12. Themistocles implicated in his guilt. He escapes into

Asia. § 13. He is magnificently received by Artaxerxes.

character. § 14. Death of Aristides

RISE AND GROWTH OF THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE.-FROM THE BATTLE

OF EURYMEDON TO THE THIRTY YEARS' TRUCE WITH SPARTA.

§ 1. Cimon leader of the aristocratical party at Athens. § 2. Revolt of

Naxos. 3. Battle of Eurymedon. § 4. The Athenians blockade Thasos,

and attempt to found colonies in Thrace. § 5. Earthquake at Sparta and

revolt of the Helots. § 6. Decline of Spartan power. § 7. Cimon assists

the Spartans to suppress the revolt, but without success.
The Spartans

offend the Athenians by dismissing their troops. § 8. Parties at Athens.

Character of Pericles. § 9. Attack upon the Areopagus. § 10. Ostra-

cism of Cimon. § 11. Administration and foreign policy of Pericles.

§ 12. Expedition of the Athenians into Egypt against the Persians.

§ 13. Hostilities with Corinth and Egina. Defeat of the Corinthians at

Megara. § 14. The long walls of Athens commenced. § 15. The Lace-

dæmonians march into Boeotia. Battle of Tanagra. § 16. Recall of

Cimon. § 17. Battle of Enophyta, and conquest of Boeotia. Conquest

of Egina. § 18. The five years' truce. Expedition of Cimon to Cyprus.

His death. § 19. Conclusion of the war with Persia. § 20. The Athe-

nian power at its height. § 21. Decline of Athenian power. Revolution

in Boeotia. Other Athenian reverses. Invasion of Attica by the Lacedæ-

monians under Pleistoanax. § 22. Pericles recovers Euboea.. Thirty

years' truce with Sparta

FROM THE THIRTY YEARS' TRUCE TO THE WAR BETWEEN CORINTH

§ 1. State of parties at Athens. Thucydides. § 2. Opposite political views.

§ 3. Ostracism of Thucydides. Administration of Pericles. He adorns

Athens. His foreign policy. § 4. Athenian colonization. Cleruchiæ.

Thurii and Amphipolis. § 5. Nature of the Athenian maritime empire.

Amount of tribute. Oppressions. § 6. Revolt of Samos. Reduction of

the island by Pericles

CAUSES OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR.

§ 1. Quarrel between Corinth and Corcyra. § 2. Corcyræan embassy to

Athens. Decision of the Athenians. § 3. They send a fleet to Corcyra.

Naval engagements. Defeat of the Corinthians. § 4. Revolt of Potidea.

§ 5. Congress of the Peloponnesian allies at Sparta. The Spartans decide

for war. § 6. Second congress. The allies resolve upon war. § 7. The

Lacedæmonians require the Athenians to expel Pericles. § 8. Attacks

upon Pericles, Aspasia, and Anaxagoras. Imprisonment and death of

Phidias. 9. Further requisitions of the Lacedæmonians. Rejected by

the Athenians. § 10. The Thebans surprise Platea. § 11. The Athe-

nians prepare for war. Portents. § 12. Forces of the Lacedæmonians

and Athenians. § 13. The Peloponnesian army assembles at the isthmus

PELOPONNESIAN WAR. FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE WAR TO

THE CAPTURE AND DESTRUCTION OF PLATEA.

§ 1. The Peloponnesians invade Attica. § 2. Athenian naval expeditions to

Peloponnesus and Locris. § 3. The Athenians invade the Megarid. § 4.

Second invasion of Attica. Plague at Athens. § 5. Unpopularity of

Pericles. He is accused of malversation. § 6. His domestic misfortunes.

Death. Character. § 7. The Lacedæmonians ravage Attica. Their naval

operations. § 8. Surrender of Potidea. § 9. The Lacedæmonians besiege

Plataa. § 10. Part of the garrison escape. § 11. Surrender of the town.

Trial and execution of the garrison.

PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED

FROM THE SIEGE OF PLATEA TO

THE SEDITION AT CORCYRA.

§ 1. General character of the war. § 2. Military and naval operations of the

third year. Attempt of the Peloponnesians to surprise Piræus. § 3. Fourth

year. Revolt of Mytilené. § 4. Fifth year. Surrender of Mytilené. § 5.

Debates of the Athenian assembly respecting the Mytileneans. Cleon and

the Athenian demagogues. § 6. Bloody decree against the Mytileneans.

§ 7. Second debate. Reversal of the decree. Lesbos colonized by Athe-

§ 8. Civil dissensions at Corcyra. § 9. Picture of the times by

CHAPTER XXVIII.

PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED.-FROM THE SEDITION AT CORCYRA

TO THE PEACE OF NICIAS.

§ 1. Sixth year of the war. Return of the plague. Purification of Delos.

§ 2. Seventh year. Fortification of Pylus. § 3. Attempts of the Lacedæ-

monians to recover Pylus. § 4. Arrival and victory of the Athenian fleet.

Blockade of Sphacteria. § 5. The Lacedæmonians sue for peace at Athens

Extravagant demands of Cleon. § 6. Renewal of hostilities. § 7. Debates

in the Assembly. Cleon elected general. § 8. Capture of Sphacteria.

§ 9. Advantages of the victory. § 10. Proceedings at Corcyra. Slaughter

of the oligarchs. § 11. Eighth year of the war. Capture of Cythera.

§ 12. Invasion of the Megarid and Boeotia by the Athenians. Capture of

Nisæa, the port of Megara. Defeat of the Athenians at the battle of

Delium. § 13. Brasidas in Thrace. Takes Amphipolis. Banishment of

Thucydides. § 14. Ninth year of the war. A truce between Sparta and

Athens. The war continued in Thrace. § 15. Tenth year of the war.

Cleon proceeds to Amphipolis. His defeat and death. Death of Brasidas.

§ 16. Eleventh year of the war. Fifty years' peace between Athens and

PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED. FROM THE PEACE OF NICIAS TO

THE EXPEDITION OF THE ATHENIANS TO SICILY.

§ 1. League of Argos, Corinth, Elea, Mantinea, and Chalcidicé. § 2. Trans-

actions between Sparta and Athens. § 3. Policy and character of Alci-

biades. § 4. He advocates a league with Argos. Resorts to a stratagem

to procure it. § 5. Alcibiades victor at Olympia. His magnificence.

§ 6. He proceeds to Peloponnesus. § 7. Proceedings of the Lacedæmo-

nians. Battle of Mantinea. § 8. Revolutions at Argos. A democracy

established. § 9. Conquest of Melos by the Athenians. § 10. Interven-

tion of the Athenians in Sicily. § 11. Embassy of the Egestæans. They

deceive the Athenians respecting their wealth. § 12. The Athenians re-

solve on an expedition to Sicily. § 13. Preparations at Athens. Popular

delusion. § 14. Mutilation of the Hermæ. Accusation of Alcibiades.

§ 15. Departure of the Athenian fleet for Sicily

PELOPONNESIAN WAR CONTINUED.

THE SICILIAN EXPEDITION.

§ 1. Armament mustered at Corcyra. § 2. Its reception in Italy. Proceed-

ings at Syracuse. § 3. Plans of the Athenian generals. § 4. The advice

of Alcibiades adopted. He gains over Naxos and Catana. § 5. Proceed-

ings at Athens respecting the mutilation of the Hermæ, and the profanation

of the mysteries. § 6. Alcibiades accused, and ordered to return to Athens.

§ 7. Proceedings of Nicias in Sicily. § 8. Preparations of the Sicilians for

defence. § 9. Nicias lays siege to Syracuse. § 10. He seizes Epipolæ and

constructs a fort at Syké. Attempt of the Syracusans against it. § 11.

Arrival of the Spartan general Gylippus. Change in the Athenian pros-

pects. § 12. Invasion of Attica by the Lacedæmonians. They fortify De-

celeia. § 13. The Syracusans defeat the Athenians at sea. § 14. Demos-

thenes and Eurymedon arrive in Sicily with reinforcements. Reverses.

The Athenians resolve to retreat. § 15. Naval engagement in the Great

Harbour. Victory of the Syracusans. § 16. Its effects. Disastrous retreat

of the Athenians. Surrender of Demosthenes. § 17. Surrender of Nicias.

Treatment of the prisoners. Death of Nicias and Demosthenes. § 18.

Their characters.

FROM THE END OF THE SICILIAN EXPEDITION TO THE OVERTHROW OF

THE FOUR HUNDRED AT ATHENS.

§ 1. Consternation and hardships at Athens. § 2. Measures for defence.

§ 3. Revolt of Chios, Erythræ, and Clazomena. § 4. Spread of the re-

volt. Defection of Teos, Lesbos, and Miletus. Revolution at Samos, which

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